Particle Structures in Elementary Cellular Automaton Rule 146

Stochastic particle-like persistent structures are found in the class 3 elementary cellular automaton rule number 146. These particles arise as boundaries separating regions with black cells occupying sites at spacetime points Hx, tL of constant parity x⊕ t. The particles execute random walks and annihilate in pairs, with particle density decaying with time in a power-law fashion. It is shown that the evolution of rule 146 closely resembles that of the additive rule 90, with persistent localized structures.